A new study warns that a dangerous fungal infection could spread more widely in the U.S. and worldwide as temperatures continue to rise.
The research, published in pre-print on Research Square and not yet peer-reviewed, suggests that the Aspergillus fungus—a common mold found in soil and decaying plant matter—could thrive in expanding warm and damp regions. The result could be a 77% increase in Aspergillus prevalence by the year 2100, based on climate change models, researchers say.
The fungal infection caused by Aspergillus, known as Aspergillosis, already affects humans, livestock, and crops. The mold produces airborne spores that most people inhale regularly without issue. But in people with weakened immune systems, the spores can invade the lungs, cause pneumonia, and spread to other organs—often with serious or fatal consequences.
Dr. Cornelius Clancy, associate chief of the VA Pittsburgh Health System and an expert on opportunistic pathogens, has already observed a rise in fungal infections not only in humans but also in agriculture, horticulture, and veterinary medicine.
“Given that Aspergillus is prevalent in the environment and ongoing changes in climate favor growth of Aspergillus, it is likely that levels of human exposure will continue to increase,” Clancy told Fox News Digital. He also warned of a possible uptick in plant and animal disease.
The study has raised concern among physicians. Dr. Jatin Vyas, a professor of infectious disease at Columbia University, noted that these infections are difficult to diagnose and even harder to treat.
“We don’t have great drugs to effect cures for invasive fungal infections, including Aspergillus infections,” Vyas said. He also warned that some fungi are becoming resistant to current antifungal medications.
Most healthy people face little risk. According to experts, the body’s immune system typically eliminates Aspergillus spores before they can cause harm. However, people undergoing cancer treatment, transplant recipients, the elderly, and those with chronic lung conditions like asthma are more vulnerable.
Jacob Glanville, CEO of biotech firm Centivax, reviewed the findings and said the research illustrates how changes in climate can expand the habitat of infectious fungi. He warned that an aging population and increasing asthma rates globally could elevate the number of severe Aspergillosis cases.
“As clinicians, we worry about this infection because it is both hard to diagnose and even harder to treat,” Glanville said, advocating for expanded medical training and investment in antifungal drug development.
Vyas echoed that message, calling for increased research into better diagnostics and treatment strategies. In the meantime, those who are immunocompromised are advised to avoid exposure to soil and consult their doctors about potential risks.
While the study remains in pre-publication and awaits peer review, experts agree that the growing prevalence of Aspergillus should not be ignored.